Harmful Marine Dinoflagellates
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Harmful Marine Dinoflagellates
Alexandrium monilatum

Literature

  • Balech, E. 1995. The Genus Alexandrium Halim (Dinoflagellata), Sherkin Island Marine Station, Ireland. 151 pp.
  • Bass, E.L. and B.W. Kuvshinoff 1982. Evidence for a neuroactive component in the toxic extract from Gonyaulax monilata. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 75C: 131.
  • Clemons, G.P., J.P. Pinion, E. Bass, D.V. Pham, M. Sharif and J.G. Wutoh 1980. A hemolytic principle associated with the red-tide dinoflagellate Gonyaulax monilata. Toxicon 18: 323.
  • Connell, C.H. and J.B. Cross 1950. Mass mortality of fish associated with the protozoan Gonyaulax in the Gulf of Mexico. Science 112: 359.
  • Gates, J.A. and W.B. Wilson 1960. The toxicity of Gonyaulax monilata Howell to Mugil cephalus. Limnol. Oceanogr. 5: 171-174.
  • Gunter, G. 1942. Recurrent summer fish mortalities on the Texas coast. Am. Midl. Nat. 28: 631.
  • Halim, Y. 1967. Dinoflagellates of the South-East Caribbean Sea (East Venezuela). Int. Rev. ges. Hydrobiol. 52: 701-755.
  • Howell, J.F. 1953. Gonyaulax monilata sp. nov. the causative dinoflagellate of a red tide in the east coast of Florida in August-September 1951. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 72: 153-156.
  • Loeblich, A.R. III 1970. The amphiesma or dinoflagellate cell covering. Proc. N. Am. Paleont. Conv. 1969. G: 867-929.
  • Morse, D.C. 1947. Some observations on seasonal variations in plankton populations, Patuxent River, Maryland, 1943-1945. Chesapeake Biol. Lab., Publ. No. 65: 1-31.
  • Ray, S.M. and D.V. Aldrich 1967. Ecological interactions of toxic dinoflagellates and molluscs in the Gulf of Mexico. In: Russell, F.E. and P.R. Saunders (eds), Animal Toxins, First International Symposium on Animal Toxins, Pergamon Press, New York: 75-83.
  • Schmidt, R.J. and A.R. Loeblich, III 1979. Distribution of paralytic shellfish poison among Pyrrhophyta. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 59: 479-487.
  • Steidinger, K.A. and K. Tangen 1996. Dinoflagellates. In: C.R. Tomas (ed), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates, Academic Press, New York: 387-598.
  • Taylor, F.J.R. 1976. Dinoflagellates from the International Indian Ocean Expedition. A report on material collected by the R.V. "Anton Bruun" 1963-1964. Bibl. Bot. 132. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. 234 pp., pls. 46.
  • Taylor, F.J.R., Y. Fukuyo and J. Larsen 1995. Taxonomy of harmful dinoflagellates. In: G.M. Hallegraeff, D.M. Anderson and A.D. Cembella (eds), Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Manuals and Guides No. 33. UNESCO, France: 283-317.
  • Walker, L.M. and K.A. Steidinger 1979. Sexual reproduction in the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax monilata. J. Phycol. 15: 312-315.
  • Wardle, W.J., S.M. Ray and A.S. Aldrich 1975. Mortality of marine organisms associated with offshore summer blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyalax monilata Howell at Galveston, Texas. In: LoCicero, V.R. (ed), Proceedings of the First International Conference on Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms, The Mass. Sci. Technol. Found., MA: 257-263.
  • Williams, J. and R.M. Ingle 1972. Ecological notes on Gonyaulax monilata (Dinophyceae). Blooms along the west coast of Florida. Fla. Dep. Nat. Res. Mar. Res. Lab. Leaflet Ser. 1: 1-12.

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