Gymnodinium catenatum
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Fig. 2. LM. Single cell. Cell elongate with visible lipid globules (arrows). Premedian cingulum displaced 1/5 to 1/3 cell length.

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Fig. 3. LM. Single cell. Epitheca conical with concave to flat apex; possibly released from a chain. Hypotheca bilobed (arrow).

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Fig. 4. SEM. Two cell chain. Attachment point visible (arrow). Both flagella present. LF=longitudinal flagella; TF=transverse flagella.

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Fig. 5. SEM. Four cell chain. Sulcus long and deep; nearly runs length of cell notching hypotheca at antapex. Terminal cells slightly longer.

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Fig. 6. SEM. Chain-formation. Cells in this chain shorter and rounder. Cell surface rugose. Terminal cell slightly longer.

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Fig. 7. SEM. Chain-formation. Cell anterio-posteriorly compressed. Surface reticulate pattern visible.

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Fig. 8. LM. Cells in this chain elongate to ovate with notched posterior.

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Fig. 9. LM. Dorsal view: 1 cell within a chain. Cell anterio-posteriorly compressed. Transverse flagella within the deep cingulum. Epitheca smaller than hypotheca.

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Fig. 10. LM. Cyst cellular details: 2 small dark accumulation bodies and a small round nucleus. a=accumulation body; n=nucleus.

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Fig. 11. SEM. Cyst surface morphology: microreticulations. ag=apical groove; c=cingulum.

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Fig. 12. SEM. Cyst cracked along cingulum.

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