Literature
- Larsen, J. 1994. Unarmoured dinoflagellates from Australian waters. I. The genus Gymnodinium (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae). Phycologia 33: 24-33.
- Steidinger, K.A. and K. Tangen 1996. Dinoflagellates. In: C.R. Tomas (ed), Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates, Academic Press, New York: 387-598.